Iterative across-time solution of linear differential equations: Krylov subspace versus waveform relaxation

The aim of this paper is two-fold. First, we propose an efficient implementation of the continuous time waveform relaxation (WR) method based on block Krylov subspaces. Second, we compare this new WR–Krylov implementation against Krylov subspace methods combined with the shift and invert (SAI) technique. Some analysis and numerical experiments are presented. Since the WR–Krylov and SAI–Krylov methods build up the solution simultaneously for thewhole time interval and there is no time stepping involved, both methods can be seen as iterative across-time methods. The key difference between these methods and standard time integration methods is that their accuracy is not directly related to the time step size. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.